• Pemulwuy The most prominent warrior was Pumulwuy who led a resistance against the settlers. After once spearing a soldier he was shot in the head and body. Though held in chains in the hospital, he managed to escape. In retaliation the British ordered that any groups of Dharug Aborigines be attacked and a reward was placed on Pemulwuy's head. He was shot dead in 1802 and his head was sent to England. • The Redoubt - Fortified Camp In November 1788 a group of soldiers and convicts were sent up the Parramatta River to mark out the ground for a redoubt and other necessary buildings for the first habitations. The redoubt was the first structure built at Rose Hill and was a fortified camp for refuge and security. • Site of a freshwater dam for the settlement There are signs of where a dam was created to save fresh water where the stream entered the tidal river. • The settlement at Rose Hill Governor Phillip discovered the lighlty timbered open country in the head of the Parramatta River in April 1788 in his search for fertile land for the colony. A settlement was established on 2nd November 1788 and was named Rose Hill in honour of George Rose, the English Secretary of the Treasury.

Scarred Tree

• Burramatta is thought to have been derived from the aboriginal words "Burra"- Eel and "Matta" - Creek. • 1791 map of Rose Hill - Shown below in the black and white map An early map of the area showing areas thought to be acceptable for various uses by European settlers and those thought to be unacceptable. • Scarred trees - The bark from trees such as these was removed to make canoes, water carriers and other containers. They are among the easiest to find archaeological sites in Australia. A number of scarred trees have been identified in the area that demonstrate clearly how the bark was stripped for use. • Baluderri - This young Burramatta warrior befriended Governor Phillip and traded the fish he caught for goods from the settlers. When his canoe was destroyed by convicts, Baluderri speared one of the culprits as was his right under Aboriginal customary law. Phillip ordered Baluderri to be cast out. Later, when Baluderri became ill, Phillip tried to help him but he did not recover. He was buried in the Governor's garden at Sydney Cove.

Baluderri

Scarred Tree